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## Text commands: the T1 encoding

The `OT1` font encoding is fine for typesetting in English, but has problems when typesetting other languages. The `T1` encoding solves some of these problems, by providing extra characters (such as `eth' and `thorn'), and it allows words containing accented letters to be hyphenated (as long as you have a package like `babel` which allows for non-American hyphenation).

This section describes the commands you can use if you have the `T1` fonts. To use them, you need to get the `ec fonts', or the `T1`-encoded PostScript fonts, as used by psnfss. All these fonts are available by anonymous ftp in the Comprehensive TEX Archive, and are also available on the CD-ROMs 4all TEX and TEX Live (both available from the TEX Users Group).

You can then select the `T1` fonts by saying:

       \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

This will allow you to use the commands in this section.

Note: Since this document must be processable on any site running an up-to-date LATEX, it does not contain any characters that are present only in `T1`-encoded fonts. This means that this document cannot show you what these glyphs look like! If you want to see them then run LATEX on the document `fontsmpl` and respond ``cmr`' when it prompts you for a family name.

`\k{<text>}`

This command produces an `ogonek' accent.

`\DH` `\DJ` `\NG` `\TH` `\dh` `\dj` `\ng` `\th`

These commands produce characters `eth', `dbar', `eng', and `thorn'.

`\guillemotleft` `\guillemotright` `\guilsinglleft` `\guilsinglright`
`\quotedblbase` `\quotesinglbase` `\textquotedbl`

These commands produce various sorts of quotation mark. Rough representations of them are: a SPMlt;a SPMgt; ,,a`` ,a` and `"`a`"`.

There are therefore some extra short-form ligatures available for use in documents that will only be used with `T1`-encoded fonts. The guillemets `\guillemotleft` and `\guillemotright` can be obtained by typing `<<` and `>>` and `\quotedblbase` by typing `,,`.

Also, unlike the unexpected results with `OT1`-encoded fonts, `<` and `>` will produce and .

Note also that the single character `"` will no longer produce '' but rather `\textquotedbl`.

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