CARDBUS(9)

CARDBUS(9) | Kernel Developer's Manual | CARDBUS(9)

# NAME

`Cardbus`, `cardbus_attach_card`, `cardbus_detach_card`, `cardbus_function_enable`, `cardbus_function_disable`, `cardbus_mapreg_map`, `cardbus_mapreg_unmap`, `cardbus_get_capability`, `cardbus_make_tag`, `cardbus_conf_read`, `cardbus_conf_write`, `cardbus_intr_establish`, `cardbus_intr_disestablish`, `CARDBUS_VENDOR`, `CARDBUS_PRODUCT`, `Cardbus_function_enable`, `Cardbus_function_disable`, `Cardbus_mapreg_map`, `Cardbus_mapreg_unmap`, `Cardbus_make_tag`, `Cardbus_conf_read`, `Cardbus_conf_write` —
support for CardBus PC-Card devices

# SYNOPSIS

`#include <sys/bus.h>`
`#include <dev/cardbus/cardbusvar.h>`
`#include <dev/cardbus/cardbusreg.h>`
`#include <dev/cardbus/cardbusdevs.h>`

int
`cardbus_attach_card`(struct cardbus_softc *csc);

void
`cardbus_detach_card`(struct cardbus_softc *csc);

int
`cardbus_function_enable`(struct cardbus_softc *csc, int function);

int
`cardbus_function_disable`(struct cardbus_softc *csc, int function);

int
`cardbus_mapreg_map`(struct cardbus_softc *csc, int cf, int reg, pcireg_t type, int busflags, bus_space_tag_t *tagp, bus_space_handle_t *handlep, bus_addr_t *basep, bus_size_t *sizep);

int
`cardbus_mapreg_unmap`(struct cardbus_softc *csc, int cf, int reg, bus_space_tag_t tag, bus_space_handle_t handle, bus_size_t size);

int
`cardbus_get_capability`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, cardbus_function_tag_t cf, pcitag_t tag, int capid, int *offsetp, pcireg_t *valuep);

pcitag_t
`cardbus_make_tag`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, int cf, int bus, int device, int function);

pcireg_t
`cardbus_conf_read`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, int cf, pcitag_t tag, int offs);

void
`cardbus_conf_write`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, int cf, pcitag_t tag, int offs, busreg_t val);

void *
`cardbus_intr_establish`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, cardbus_function_tag_t cf, cardbus_intr_handle_t irq, int level, int (*handler)(void *), void *arg);

void
`cardbus_intr_disestablish`(cardbus_chipset_tag_t cc, cardbus_function_tag_t cf, void *ih);

int
`CARDBUS_VENDOR`(pcireg_t id);

int
`CARDBUS_PRODUCT`(pcireg_t id);

int
`Cardbus_function_enable`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct);

int
`Cardbus_function_disable`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct);

int
`Cardbus_mapreg_map`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct, int reg, pcireg_t type, int busflags, bus_space_tag_t *tagp, bus_space_handle_t *handlep, bus_addr_t *basep, bus_size_t *sizep);

int
`Cardbus_mapreg_unmap`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct, int reg, bus_space_tag_t tag, bus_space_handle_t handle, bus_size_t size);

pcitag_t
`Cardbus_make_tag`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct);

pcireg_t
`Cardbus_conf_read`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct, pcitag_t tag, int offs);

void
`Cardbus_conf_write`(cardbus_devfunc_t ct, pcitag_t tag, int offs, busreg_t val);

# DESCRIPTION

The machine-independent `Cardbus` subsystem provides support for CardBus devices.

The CardBus interface is an improvement to the PC-Card interface supported by pcmcia(9). It introduces several new capabilities such as 32-bit addressing, 33MHz operation, busmaster operation and 3.3 volt low-voltage power. It remains compatible with all features of the PC-Card standard.

The CardBus interface signaling protocol is derived from the PCI signaling protocol. There are some differences between PCI and CardBus, however operations are identical for most functions implemented. Since a 32-bit CardBus interface is also defined for 16-bit PC-Cards, the same Card Services client to be used to manage both CardBus and PCMCIA PC-Cards. By interrogating the card upon detection of an insertion event, NetBSD determines whether the card requires `Cardbus` support or not, and then applies the appropriate power and signaling protocol requirements.

# DATA TYPES

Drivers attached to the CardBus will make use of the following data types:

struct cardbus_attach_args
  Devices have their identity recorded in this structure. It contains the following members:

      	cardbus_devfunc_t ca_ct;
      	bus_space_tag_t ca_iot;       /* CardBus I/O space tag */
      	bus_space_tag_t ca_memt;      /* CardBus MEM space tag */
      	bus_dma_tag_t ca_dmat;        /* DMA tag */
      	u_int ca_device;
      	pcitag_t ca_tag;
      	pcireg_t ca_id;
      	pcireg_t ca_class;
      	cardbus_intr_line_t ca_intrline; /* interrupt info */
      	struct cardbus_cis_info ca_cis;

# FUNCTIONS

`cardbus_attach_card`(csc)
  Attaches the card on the slot by turning on the power, read and analyse the tuple and sets configuration index. This function returns the number of recognised device functions. If no device functions are recognised it returns zero.
`cardbus_detach_card`(csc)
  Detaches the card on the slot by release resources and turning off the power. This function must not be called under interrupt context.
`cardbus_function_enable`(csc, function)
  Enables device function function on the card. Power will be applied if it hasn't already.
`cardbus_function_disable`(csc, function)
  Disables device function function on the card. When no device functions are enabled, the turn is turned off.
`cardbus_mapreg_map`(csc, cf, reg, type, busflags, tagp, handlep, basep, sizep)
  Maps bus-space on the value of Base Address Register (BAR) indexed by reg for device function cf. The bus-space configuration is returned in tagp, handlep, basep, and sizep.
`cardbus_mapreg_unmap`(csc, cf, reg, tag, handle, bus_size_t size)
  Releases bus-space region for device function cf specified by tag, handle and size. reg is the offset of the BAR register.
`cardbus_get_capability`(cc, cf, tag, capid, offsetp, valuep)
  Find the PCI capability for the device function cf specified by capid. Returns the capability in offsetp and valuep.
`cardbus_make_tag`(cc, cf, bus, device, function)
  Make a tag to access config space of a CardBus card. It works the same as `pci_make_tag`().
`cardbus_conf_read`(cc, cf, tag, offs)
  Read the config space of a CardBus card. It works the same as `pci_conf_read`().
`cardbus_conf_write`(cc, cf, tag, offs, val)
  Write to the config space of a CardBus card. It works same as `pci_conf_write`().
`cardbus_intr_establish`(cc, cf, irq, level, handler, arg)
  Establish an interrupt handler for device function cf. The priority of the interrupt is specified by level. When the interrupt occurs the function handler is called with argument arg. The return value is a handle for the interrupt handler. `cardbus_intr_establish`() returns an opaque handle to an event descriptor if it succeeds, and returns NULL on failure.
`cardbus_intr_disestablish`(cc, cf, ih)
  Dis-establish the interrupt handler for device function cf with handle ih. The handle was returned from `cardbus_intr_establish`().
`CARDBUS_VENDOR`(id)
  Return the CardBus vendor ID for device id.
`CARDBUS_PRODUCT`(id)
  Return the CardBus product ID for device id.

The `Cardbus_*`() functions are convenience functions taking a cardbus_devfunc_t argument and perform the same operation as their namesake described above.

# AUTOCONFIGURATION

During autoconfiguration, a `Cardbus` driver will receive a pointer to struct cardbus_attach_args describing the device attaches to the CardBus. Drivers match the device using the ca_id member using `CARDBUS_VENDOR`() and `CARDBUS_PRODUCT`().

During the driver attach step, drivers should initially map the device I/O and memory resources using `cardbus_mapreg_map`() or `Cardbus_mapreg_map`(). Upon successful allocation of resources, power can be applied to the device with `cardbus_function_enable`() or `Cardbus_function_enable`(). so that device-specific interrogation can be performed. Finally, power should be removed from the device using `cardbus_function_disable`() or `Cardbus_function_disable`().

Since CardBus devices support dynamic configuration, drivers should make use of `pmf`(9) framework. Power can be applied and the interrupt handler should be established through this interface.

# DMA SUPPORT

No additional support is provided for CardBus DMA beyond the facilities provided by the bus_dma(9) interface.

# CODE REFERENCES

The CardBus subsystem itself is implemented within the files sys/dev/cardbus/cardbus.c, sys/dev/cardbus/cardbus_map.c and sys/dev/cardbus/cardslot.c. The database for PCI devices is also used for known CardBus devices. For more details see pci(9).

# SEE ALSO

cardbus(4), pcmcia(4), autoconf(9), bus_dma(9), bus_space(9), driver(9), pci(9), pcmcia(9)

# HISTORY

The machine-independent `Cardbus` subsystem appeared in NetBSD 1.5.

July 13, 2014 | NetBSD 10.1